# The Student Loan Lawyer - Attorney Joshua Cohen

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For all of your student loan issues.

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## Posts

- [The Student Loan Lawyer's Blog - because you really should know...](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/blog/)
- [What's the Most Reliable Way to Get Information About Your Federal Student Loans?](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/840/nslds_reports/): The National Student Loan Data System is the first place to go when you’re trying to get information about your Federal student loans. The system is run by the U.S. Department of Education, and is completely free to use. To get into the system, go to www.NSLDS.ed.gov and log in using your FSA username and password (if
- [Josh Talks With NPR on Lawsuits for Private Student Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/940/npr-lawsuits-community-college/): WNYC Radio's The Takeaway recently launched a year-long conversation about community colleges. On Thursday, November 19, 2015 I had the privilege of sitting down with John Hockenberry, the host of the show, to discuss a problem faced by those who decide to opt for a community college as a more affordable alternative than four-year institutions.
- [PSLF Waiver Spousal Consolidation](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1074/pslf-waiver-spousal-consolidation/): PSLF Waiver for Spousal Consolidation Loans Finally, there is a method to get the PSLF waiver for Spousal (joint) consolidation loans. This video is not about how to split the loan. It is ONLY for PSLF waiver qualification. When the process for splitting spousal consolidations is announced, another video will be posted. https://youtu.be/AJUZWttzqmI Click here
- [$10,000 to $20,000 Forgiveness, Forbearance Extension, and a New IDR Plan](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1072/forgivness-forbearance-and-new-idr/): The administration announced an extension to the CARES Act forbearance until December 31, 2022. Forgiveness of $10,000 to $20,000 will be available for loans held by the Department of Education. A new IDR plan has been suggested that could really help borrowers with just undergraduate loans. Watch the video to learn more!
- [The Navient $1.7 Billion Discharge Settlement](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1063/the-navient-1-7-billion-discharge-settlement/): 38 States Attorney Generals (and DC) have reached a $1.8 Billion settlement deal with Navient. Here are the details. (Settlement not yet approved by the Court). Once you've watched the video, take a quick survey to see if you qualify under the settlement.
- [McDaniel v Navient 10th Circuit Appeals](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1059/mcdaniel-v-navient-10th-circuit-appeals/): The 10th circuit court of appeals confirmed the discharge of $200,000 private student loans. How big a deal is this? Let me explain. https://www.facebook.com/TheStudentLoanLawyer/videos/626384491640896/
- [Borrower Defense to Repayment (DTR)](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1053/borrower-defense-to-repayment-dtr/): A detailed discussion of the Borrower Defense to Repayment (DTR). Whistleblower: Dept. Of Education Deliberately Thwarted Loan Forgiveness Process - Forbes
- [IDR is a Tool to Get your Life Back](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1051/idr-is-a-tool-to-get-your-life-back/): Let's talk about Income Driven Repayment (IDR). Let's start living again!
- [Borrower Defense to Repayment Failure](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1050/borrower-defense-to-repayment-failure/): The Borrower Defense to Repayment process is failing. I also mention a new resource for spousal consolidation loans.
- [Is My Spouse Responsible for My Student Loan?](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1047/is-my-spouse-responsible-for-my-student-loan/): Your spouse's income should not be a factor in your Federal Income Driven Repayment Plan. Here's a quick discussion about that.
- [Military PSLF and Are Loans Worth It?](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1042/military-pslf-loans-worth-it/): Discussion for how the military can take advantage of Federal Student Loan programs. I also answer the question about taking student loans to pursue a Master's degree.
- [Discharge, IDR, and Closed For-Profit Schools](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1041/discharge-idr-and-closed-for-profit-schools/): Today I took questions from the audience. Topics include bankruptcy discharge, IDR and growing balances, and a bit about closed for-profit schools.
- [How to Get Rid of Your Student Loan](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1039/how-to-get-rid-of-your-student-loan/): Everyone wants to get rid of their student loans. Let's talk about how you can do that.
- [Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) works!](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1035/public-service-loan-forgiveness-pslf-works/): Student Loan Talk - PSLF really does work. Let's talk about it!
- [Student Loan Talk - General All Around Discussion](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1034/student-loan-talk-general-all-around-discussion/): A lot was covered in just 20 minutes. From Presidential ability to forgive, sueing Congress for bankruptcy protection, and of course, the CARES act. Watch and feel free to add comments.
- [Private Student Loan Protection and Credit Reporting Discussion](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1032/private-student-loan-protection-and-credit-reporting-discussion/): Today I discussed private student loan protections through State Government action, and quote a bit about credit reports too.
- [CARES Act, Biden, and Defense to Repayment](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1031/cares-act-biden-and-defense-to-repayment/): Updates on student loans via the CARES Act, Biden's forgiveness proposal, and Defense to Repayment applications to be processed.
- [Student Loan Protection under the CARES Act](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1029/student-loan-protection-under-the-cares-act/): Today I discuss CARES Act protections for student loans, which loans qualify, and also point out an important issue with IDR recertification.
- [COVID-19 Update Video](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1021/covid-19-update-video/): If you'd like to read some specifics discussed in this video, please check out the blog for those with loans in good standing or the blog regarding defaulted loans.
- [COVID-19 Stimulus Package: Video Q&A](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1028/covid-19-stimulus-package-video-qa/): Today I answered questions regarding the Stimulus Package as it relates to student loans.
- [Covid-19 Stimulus Package: FFEL Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1024/covid-19-stimulus-package-ffel-loans/): What is an FFEL Loan? An FFEL (Federal Family Education Loan program) loan is a federal student loan that was originated (funded) by an entity other than the US Education Department (USED). It could be a bank or a credit union (Sallie Mae, Chase, Wells Fargo, etc.), or even a guarantee agency (VSAC, Great Lakes,
- [Covid-19 Stimulus Package: Direct Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1023/covid-19-stimulus-package-direct-loans/): What is a Direct Loan? A Direct Loan means the money was borrowed Directly from the US Education Department (USED). No middleman. The loan will always be held by USED. When in good standing, a servicer helps USED collect by sending bills and offer affordable payment plans and/or forbearance and deferments. When in default, a
- [Covid-19 Stimulus Package: Perkins Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1025/covid-19-stimulus-package-perkins-loans/): What is a Perkins Loan? A Perkins loan is money given by your school. It is considered a Federal student loan because the money was given to the school by the US Education Department (USED). The school lends the money, owns the loan, may hire a servicer to collect when the loan is in good
- [Covid-19 Stimulus Package: Private Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1026/covid-19-stimulus-package-private-loans/): What is a Private Student Loan? A private student loan is a loan originated by any bank, credit union, or even a guarantee agency. It is NOT insured by the US Education Department (USED). And of course, it is not originated by USED. It’s no different than any other loan you would get from a
- [Covid-19 Stimulus Package Help Based on Student Loan Type](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1022/covid-19-stimulus-package-help-based-on-student-loan-type/): The stimulus package has lots of facets, including student loan protections. The question you might be asking is, “How will it help me, the student loan borrower?” The real question should be DOES it help you, the student loan borrower. Because guess what, the stimulus does not help all student loan borrowers. At the bottom
- [Covid-19 and Student Loans - Update](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1020/covid-19-and-student-loans-update/): Today, March 25, 2020, the US Education Department (USED) rolled out protections for defaulted loans. It's quite simple. No more collection activity on defaulted loans held by USED. As I said in my previous post on this subject, loans held by USED are Direct Loans and some defaulted FFEL loans that have been turned over
- [Covid-19 and Student Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1019/covid-19-and-student-loans/): Let's get right to the point. We're all at a place of flux, as are our finances. The main question, what do to with student loans now that there are things being suggested, ordered, and such. Let's clear the clutter and state exactly what is going on as of today - March 23, 2020. Federal
- [Married Doesn't Mean Joining Finances all the Time.](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1013/married-doesnt-mean-joining-finances-all-the-time/): Congratulations! You said, "I do!" Oh, the things that follow "I do". Sometimes it's "I don't", or "I won't". Hopefully, it's not "I shouldn't have". I'm talking purely student loans here. Recently I was quoted in a story by Nerd Wallet, titled "Should your student loans and your spouse’s get hitched?" And of course, it's
- [Don't turn your Federal Loans Private!](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/1009/dont-turn-your-federal-loans-private/): Today's video talks about the pros and cons of refinancing a Federal Student Loan with a Private lender. https://youtu.be/MNWXgZcushk
- [Student Loans and Credit Reports](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/968/student-loans-and-credit-reports/): With all the recent press about credit reporting company Equifax's major data breach, now's a good time to discuss the intersection of student loans and credit reports. It's not uncommon to have questions about how student loans affect credit, so lets sort the myths from the facts. What Shows on a Credit Report? Federal and
- [Introduction to Income Repayment Plans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/992/introduction-to-income-repayment-plans/): Quick overview of Federal Loan repayment plans based on income: IDR, IBR, ICR, PAYE, New IBR, and REPAYE. Plus, I sing!
- [Federal Tax Refund Intercepts](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/980/federal-tax-refund-intercepts/): Today I'm talking about Federal tax refund intercepts. If you're in default, you may not receive your Federal tax refund. Find out why and how to avoid it.
- [PSLF Application and the Big Bug](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/965/pslf-application-and-the-big-bug/): It's here! Finally! The long awaited application for Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF). True to Dept. of Ed fashion, it has one big bug in it. The kind that you don't want to step on because you know it'll be messy. But first, lets discuss what PSLF is, and then we can look at the
- [Post-Election Chopping Block](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/961/post-election-chopping-block/): Regardless of your emotional response to the election results, the question on your mind now is, "Now what?". Will student loan programs be axed? Will some be saved? The door is wide open to possibilities, but lets start with what the new President can and can't do. There are issues that are within his control,
- [ITT Loan Escape Plans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/957/itt-loan-escape-plans/): If you're an ITT student, or know one, you know that ITT is closed effective September 6, 2016. No matter how it went down, the question you want answered now is what to do about your student loans. The short answer is, I really don't know. What follows is my suggestions, as The Student Loan
- [6 Lies Told by Student Loan Assistance Scamsters](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/935/scamster-lies/): I took a phone call today from a "student loan assistance company" on my personal phone. As the Student Loan Lawyer, I was intrigued. Perhaps the gentleman on the other end of the line had valuable information. After all, companies such as his are making a splash with student loan borrowers these days. After just
- [Victims of 9/11 Student Loan Forgiveness](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/929/911-victims-student-loan-forgiveness/): Spouses of 9/11 victims and first responders may be able to get their federal student loans forgiven. The benefit, created in 2006 yet largely unpublicized, was passed without fanfare or press coverage. As time passes the benefit is of less significance, but for those it may help the power is undeniable. Basically, it's for the
- [The Lies They Tell In a Student Loan Relief Scam Business](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/836/student-loan-relief-scam/): Want to start a student loan relief business? According to a recent ad that will give you all the tools to do just that, you can learn the tricks that let you cut someone's private student loan payment by more than 50%. Clients who sign up for this program apparently also get a written guarantee and credit restoration included.
- [Beware the Nightmare of Federal Joint Consolidation Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/247/beware-the-nightmare-loan-federal-joint-consolidatoin-loans/): Divorce is messy, but it's even worse if you've got a joint federal student loan consolidation. The Federal Joint Consolidation Loan was offered from the late '90s to the mid 2000's, and allowed married couples to consolidate their Federal student loans. It seemed like a good idea to someone who clearly didn't realize that sometimes
- [Under Pressure, Government Offers Corinthian College Student Loan Debt Relief](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/842/corinthian-student-loan-debt-relief-maybe/): On June 8, 2015, the Department of Education (ED) announced forgiveness for students attending Corinthian Schools - the for-profit chain that recently fell like the house of cards that it was. It all started in May 2104 when Corinthian missed a deadline to provide a number of requested documents to the U.S. Department of Education. The
- [Student Loan Bill of Rights](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/810/student-loan-bill-of-rights/): On March 10, 2015, President Obama introduced the Student Aid Bill of Rights; another executive action to deal with student loan debt. Read the official Memorandum. Let's take a look at some of the details. State-of-the-Art Complaint and Feedback System The President is requesting a "simple process for borrowers to file complaints...including those pertaining to
- [IBR, ICR, PAYE, and IBR. Wait, what?](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/800/ibr-icr-paye-and-ibr-wait-what/): Dealing with Federal loans means understanding industrial acronyms. But what do you do when the same acronym means different things - or multiple acronyms mean almost the same thing. Does a letter really make a difference? You bet it does! Today we'll discuss income driven plans - repayment based on income. IBR - Income Based
- [What You Don’t Know About Student Loans Can Really Hurt!](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/796/what-you-dont-know-about-student-loans-can-really-hurt/): IBR, ICR, and PAYE – the income driven repayment plans: These three plans, Income Based Repayment (IBR), Income Contingent Repayment (ICR), and Pay As You Earn (PAYE), are all based on your income. That means low income earners, or those on social security, can qualify for an exceptionally low monthly payment – even as low
- [Top 10 Favorite Student Loan Comments:](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/786/top-10-favorite-student-loan-comments/): I've been doing student loan work for over 6 years now. Here is a chance for me to share some of my favorite comments I've heard over the years. Enjoy! 1) I co-signed a private student loan for my child. He/she isn't paying the loan. I want to sue them to make them pay. My
- [Treating Servicers like Potty-Training Toddlers](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/782/treating-servicers-like-potty-training-toddlers/): This past weekend, I attended the Consumer Rights Litigation Conference put on by the National Consumer Law Center (NCLC). The opening speech was by Deputy Treasury Secretary Sarah Bloom Raskin. It was a fabulous speech about my favorite topic - student loans. Understand that the NCLC conference caters to consumer advocates, so of course, the
- [Bankruptcy is not the answer...or is it?](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/776/bankrutpcy-is-not-the-answer-or-is-it/): When it comes to student loans, bankruptcy tends to be useless. But not always. Sometimes it can help. Sometimes it can hurt. Let's take a deeper look. Bankruptcy Helps If you have a federal student loan with a wage garnishment or social security offset, a bankruptcy can offer protection. Once a bankruptcy is filed, wage
- [Fear not the Difficulty of Discharging Student Loans in Bankruptcy](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/763/fear-not-the-difficulty-of-discharging-student-loans-in-bankruptcy/): True or false? Discharging a student loan in bankruptcy is insanely difficult. If you answered, you're correct. True Because perception is often reality, and the perception is that discharging student loans in bankruptcy is difficult, most folks believe this, attorney and non-attorneys alike. Thus, few ever attempt to discharge student loans via bankruptcy. False The
- [Student Loan Assistance Companies Sued](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/745/student-loan-assistance-companies-sued/): I heard Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan speak two years ago at NCLC's Consumer Rights Litigation Conference in Chicago. It was obvious then that she was very protective of consumers. So it comes as no surprise to me that she's suing two student loan assistance companies. Why Sue? The claims against the two companies, Broadsword
- [This is the end...](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/739/this-is-the-end/): I pondered all the songs that could be appropriate for this post - ding dong the witch is dead, deadman's party, celebration time, the list goes on. But in the end, sing what you want, because it appears the death knell is ringing. Corinthian colleges is on its way out. Corinthian Colleges I posted about
- [For-Profit School Status Report](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/736/for-profit-school-status-report/): For-profit schools are often in the news, especially when discussing student loan debt. It's a statistical truth that their students have a higher rate of default, a higher drop-out rate, and more often require private student loans. These students are also more often sub-prime borrowers. Lets take a look at the two biggies. Corinthian Colleges
- [The Problem with Senator Warren's Student Loan Bill](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/733/the-problem-with-senator-warrens-student-loan-bill/): Senator Warren’s bill failed to gain enough support to move on from the Senate. Now that it's dead, let me tell you why I’m glad for that. This bill is a bad idea. It does little to help already struggling borrowers, and hurts more than most folks realize. Further, with President Obama’s recent executive action
- [Obama's Executive Action Falls Woefully Short](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/728/obamas-executive-action-falls-woefully-short/): On June 9, 2014, President Obama took action to make college more affordable. Can we call this what it really it is? It’s an act to make student loans more affordable. This act in no way makes college any more affordable than it already isn’t. What the President did was expand a program he initiated
- [Student Loan Debt Crisis Symposium Review](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/650/student-loan-debt-crisis-symposium-review/): This past Friday I attended the ABI's (American Bankruptcy Institute) Student Loan Debt Crisis Symposium. It was...um...interesting. I say that because I came in with a unique perspective, being in the trenches and all. For me, it was more review and less of an informative or "problem solving" discussion, though it certainly did end with
- [Student Loans and Military Personal](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/719/student-loans-and-military-personal/): Yesterday was Memorial Day, so it is only proper that I discuss protections from student loans for those who serve our country. SCRA The Servicemembers Civil Relief Act has many provisions that apply to many other debts besides student loans. The important one here is the interest rate cap. All loans, including Federal and private
- [Dear ED: Clarify Undue Hardship](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/715/dear-ed-clarify-undue-hardship/): On May 16, 2014, seven Congressmen/women sent a letter to Secretary of Education, Arne Duncan, asking for clarification of "Undue Hardship" to allow Federal student loans to be discharged in bankruptcy. The signers of the letter were Senators Dick Durbin (D-IL), Jack Reed (D-RI) and Elizabeth Warren (D-MA), and Representatives Steve Cohen (D-TN), John Conyers
- [FDIC v Sallie Mae](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/710/fdic-v-sallie-mae/): On May 13, 2014, two consent orders were issued: FDIC v Sallie Mae Bank and FDIC v Navient Solutions Inc. (formerly known as Sallie Mae, Inc.). These are the results of the FDIC's investigation into Sallie Mae's alleged violations of the Servicemenbers Civil Relief Act (SCRA), Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA), Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA), and
- ["Bank on Students Emergency Loan Refinancing Act" in Plain English](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/705/bank-on-students-emergency-loan-refinancing-act-in-plain-english/): Yesterday, Senator Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) introduced legislation aimed to help level the playing field for student loan borrowers. The main goal is to lower interest rates on ALL student loans (Fed and Private) to a fixed amount for the duration of the loan term. The theory being that if interest is lowered, payments would be
- [What Happens to your Student Loans when you file Bankruptcy](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/703/what-happens-to-your-student-loans-when-you-file-bankruptcy/): If you've read anything on the internet about student loans, you know bankruptcy probably can't help you. Discharging student loan debt through bankruptcy is not impossible, but it is difficult, for two reasons: 1) The test is draconian with no objective standard, and 2) It is often cost prohibitive as a bankruptcy attorney needs (and
- [How Bankruptcy May Cause More Student Loan Problems](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/695/bankruptcy-cause-student-loan-problems/): Beware the trip wire of default when filing for bankruptcy. When you file for bankruptcy, all collection activities must stop against you. For Chapter 13 bankruptcy cases, that protection from collections extends to co-signers and guarantors on your loans. This important consumer protection, called the automatic stay, is a cornerstone of the bankruptcy laws. For
- [Does the Government Shutdown affect Student Loan Collections?](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/691/does-the-government-shutdown-affect-student-loan-collections/): VinothChandar / Foter / CC BYNow that the government is shut down, there is a great concern about how this affects collections of student loans, default or not. We first need to clarify that the shutdown only affects government agencies. Guarantee agencies like ECMC, Great Lakes, etc. are not affected at all. They are still
- [What do Student Loans and Foreclosures Have in Common?](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/685/what-do-student-loans-and-forclosures-have-in-common/): If you think about it, the answer is quite obvious: both are nationwide crisis with governmental programs meant to help that utterly fail because the private sector meant to administer the cure can't do its job...PERIOD! Once again the Huffington Post nailed it with its latest article: Education Department Lets Borrowers Default On Student Loans,
- [Sallie Mae in the News...Again!](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/678/sallie-mae-in-the-news-again/): I was trying to find a witting opening, but all I could come up with for a reference was Mustang Sally. It's not on target, but some of the lyrics could be made relevant, "All you want to do is ride around Sally, ride, Sally, ride." What's that? Sallie Mae is riding around? Well yes,
- [Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sallie](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/674/please-excuse-my-dear-aunt-sallie/): If you remember grammar school math, you'll understand the reference. By Aunt Sallie we mean dear old Sallie Mae, the biggest fish in the student loan industry. Finally, someone in government noticed something fishy and launched an investigation. First, lets thank the Huffington Post for their article discussing this, found here. What's the real deal?
- [What Happens To A Student Loan When You Die?](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/670/what-happens-to-a-student-loan-when-you-die/): As in marriage, student loan debt is a matter of "until death do you part." If you've got student loan debt, there are lots of options to keep yourself out of default. For some, the debt can be repaid in full before they get to the grave. Unfortunately, as student loan debt climbs to stratospheric
- [Student Loan Lawyer On KFWB Money 101](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/659/student-loan-lawyer-on-kfwb-money-101/): On July 2, 2013 I was honored to talk with Bob McCormick of Los Angeles radio station KFWB on the subject of student loan law. We chatted about the rise in student loan interest rates on July 1, 2013, income-based repayment, and more. Listen to the show here on the website or download it to
- [Why Your Bankruptcy Lawyer Can't Hide From Student Loan Law](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/584/student-loan-law-bankruptcy-lawyers/): Why don't lawyers who help people get out of debt know about student loans? When he filed for bankruptcy, private student loans could be wiped out without a hitch. This was in the old days, you understand - before the bankruptcy laws were overhauled in 2005. All his lawyer needed to do was list the
- [3 Easy Ways To Find Out Whether A Student Loan Is Federal Or Private](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/644/student-loan-federal-private/): The question of "federal or private" is an important one to answer because different solutions apply based on the type of loan you've got. Federal student loans are controlled by various federal laws, and programs exist to help you manage those loans. Private student loans, on the other hand, carry with them no federally-mandated programs.
- [3 Questions You Need To Answer To Get Help With Your Student Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/637/student-loan-help-questions/): What you need to know to tackle your student loans on your own and how to recognize when you need help. When you're looking for help with your student loan problems, you've got three questions you need to answer before you can get help with your student loan problems. Some of these questions can be
- [Private Student Loan Lender to the Rescue?  Not Quite!](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/618/private-student-loan-lender-to-the-rescue-not-quite/): The Street ran an article today which I can only hope was their attempt at an April Fool's joke. It's supposed to be a hopeful story about Sallie Mae creating a way for new borrowers to reduce their first year payments. It's a crock! You see, what Sallie Mae offers is a year of interest
- [The Get Out of Student Loan Debt Quick Craze](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/593/the-get-out-of-student-loan-debt-quick-craze/): A Harvard business school grad paid off $90,000 in student loans in just 7 months. Awesome, or crazy? Yes that is awesome, and yes, that is crazy. Do the math and you'll quickly see that his average monthly payment was just shy of $13,000. He was able to do it because he was budget conscious
- [Why Your Defaulted Federal Student Loans Could Cost You That Tax Refund](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/219/dont-file-that-tax-return-yet/): If you're a Federal Student Loan Borrower, and you haven't been making payments, be careful before filing your tax return. One of the collection tools available for defaulted federal student loans is called a Federal Income Tax Return Intercept. Depending on the status of your federal student loan, you may end up losing your tax
- [Not all Consumer Attorneys are the Same](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/238/not-all-consumer-attorneys-are-the-same/): It's nearly midnight and I'm compelled to blog out of frustration. Frustration from a new client because it's not the first time I've seen this. A woman asked me to review her student loan situation to see what can be done. She is in default, she wants to get out and get her loans back
- [How the Fiscal Cliff Affects Financial Aid](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/214/how-the-fiscal-cliff-affects-financial-aid/): I came across this article and thought I'd post for those interested. It's a very short article which answers the question, "How did the recent actions to avoid the fiscal cliff affect Financial Aid?"
- [Look, an Improved Student Loan Band-Aid](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/210/look-an-improved-student-loan-band-aid/): Everyone else is doing it so I'll join in with my praise of the new Pay As You Earn Plan. First, I rather call it the Pay As You Earn Repayment plan - it's a better acronym - PAYER.Now then, I really don't have much praise for this plan. Don't get me wrong, it's a
- [Updated IBR Calculater...and more!](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/77/updated-ibr-calculater-and-more/): The Income Based Repayment plan is an awesome tool for today's economically challenged times. It's a payment plan based on income only - simple and easy to understand. And now, the calculator published on the Dept. of Ed's website is also easier to understand, thanks to a major website redesign. Out with the old blue
- [My Response to Another One-Sided Opinion from Private Student Loan Lenders](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/203/my-response-to-another-one-sided-opinion-from-private-student-loan-lenders/): An opinion in the December 26th issue of US News & World Report claims that stripping the current non-dischargability of Private student loans in bankruptcy would be counterproductive. Um....no, try again. The author states several arguments that are so easy to poke holes in, its like trying to make a damn out of Swiss cheese.

## Pages

- [Welcome to Cohen Consumer Law: Home of the Student Loan Lawyer](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/): Modern bitcoin betting sites integrate sportsbooks alongside casino games, offering competitive odds, live betting, and fast crypto settlements in one account. The best platforms clearly display supported coins and networks, provide transparent fee and limit information, and maintain a stable reputation in player reviews — making them suitable for both casual and serious bettors. vavada
- [Rhode Island](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/rhode-island/): Kako Kazinosaveti objašnjava sigurnost Skrill i Neteller plaćanja u online kockarnicama Digitalna plaćanja u online kockarnicama postala su složena oblast koja zahteva razumevanje tehničkih, pravnih i finansijskih mehanizama koji stoje iza svake transakcije. Skrill i Neteller, dve od najrasprostranjenijih elektronskih novčanica u Evropi i šire, godinama su prisutni kao omiljene opcije igrača koji traže brze,
- [New Hampshire](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/new-hampshire/): Hvordan CrashCasinos forklarer veksten av crash-spill i Norge Crash-spill har på relativt kort tid etablert seg som en av de raskest voksende spillkategoriene i det norske markedet. Det som begynte som et nisjeprodukt rettet mot kryptovaluta-entusiaster rundt 2014–2016, har i løpet av de siste fem til seks årene spredt seg til et bredt spekter av
- [West Virginia](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/west-virginia/): How RealMoneyCasinos Explains Real Money Gaming Regulations in Australia Australia occupies a distinctive position in the global online gambling landscape. It is one of the few developed nations where the legal framework governing real money gaming has undergone dramatic revision in recent years, creating a regulatory environment that is simultaneously restrictive for operators and complex
- [North Carolina](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/north-carolina/): How Free Bets Bookmakers Have Shaped Australian Sports Wagering Culture Australia has long maintained one of the most active sports betting cultures in the world. Per capita, Australians wager more on sports than citizens of almost any other nation, a pattern that predates the internet era and stretches back to the colonial period when horse
- [South Carolina](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/south-carolina/): How FastpayoutCasinos Explains Withdrawal Speed Standards in Australian Online Gambling The speed at which an online casino processes a withdrawal request has become one of the most scrutinised metrics in Australian digital gambling. For years, players tolerated delays of three to seven business days as standard practice, largely because the infrastructure supporting online payments in
- [Puerto Rico](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/puerto-rico/): How CasinosNeteller Explains Neteller's Role in New Zealand Online Gambling New Zealand's online gambling landscape has undergone significant transformation over the past decade, shaped by shifting regulatory frameworks, evolving consumer preferences, and the increasing sophistication of digital payment infrastructure. Within this environment, electronic payment processors have become central to how players fund accounts, withdraw winnings,
- [New York](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/new-york/): How CasinosMinimumDeposit Explains Low Deposit Thresholds in New Zealand New Zealand's online gambling market has undergone significant structural changes over the past decade, and one of the most visible shifts for everyday players has been the gradual lowering of minimum deposit thresholds at internationally licensed casinos accepting New Zealand dollars. Where operators once required NZD
- [Federal vs. Private Loans](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/federal-vs-private-loans/): Private Student LoansPrivate student loans are those which are secured through a private lending institution based on the applicant's credit. It is no different than a mortgage, car loan, or credit card. The only difference involves bankruptcy. As of October 2005, most private education loans cannot be discharged through bankruptcy. However, this may change in
- [Oklahoma](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/oklahoma/): How Apple Pay Became a Trusted Casino Payment Method in Canada, According to MobilePayCasinos When Apple Pay launched in Canada in November 2015, few observers anticipated that it would eventually become one of the more consequential payment technologies in the country's online gambling sector. The journey from a contactless retail payment tool to a trusted
- [Mississippi](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/mississippi/): Hoe Paysafecard volgens PscCasinos anoniem betalen bij online casino's mogelijk maakt Anoniem betalen bij online casino's is voor veel spelers een prioriteit. De redenen daarvoor zijn uiteenlopend: sommige spelers willen hun gokgedrag privé houden, anderen willen voorkomen dat hun bankgegevens worden gedeeld met gokplatforms, en weer anderen wonen in regio's waar betalingen aan online casino's
- [Virginia](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/virginia/): Hoe AstroPay werkt bij online casino's volgens Casinosastropay AstroPay is een betaalmethode die de afgelopen jaren steeds prominenter aanwezig is geworden in de wereld van online gokken. Oorspronkelijk opgericht in 2009, begon het bedrijf als een oplossing voor betalingen in opkomende markten waar traditionele bankkaarten minder toegankelijk waren. Sindsdien heeft AstroPay zich ontwikkeld tot een
- [Louisiana](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/louisiana/): Cum funcționează pariurile gratuite fără depunere, explică FreeBetNoDeposit Pariurile gratuite fără depunere reprezintă unul dintre cele mai discutate tipuri de promoții din industria jocurilor de noroc online. Spre deosebire de bonusurile clasice care necesită o sumă minimă depusă în cont înainte de activare, aceste oferte permit utilizatorilor să plaseze pariuri reale fără a introduce bani
- [Missouri](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/missouri/): Como os Apps de Apostas Transformaram o Mercado Português, Segundo a Galobalbet O mercado de apostas desportivas em Portugal passou por uma transformação profunda na última década, impulsionada sobretudo pela proliferação dos aplicativos móveis. Antes da regulamentação formal do setor, as apostas online operavam numa zona cinzenta legal que afastava operadores sérios e deixava os
- [Georgia](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/georgia/): Come funziona il Plinko nei casinò online secondo CasinosPlinko Il Plinko è uno dei giochi da casinò online che ha registrato la crescita più rapida negli ultimi anni, passando dall'essere una curiosità di nicchia a uno dei titoli più ricercati sulle piattaforme di gioco digitale. Originariamente ispirato al celebre gioco televisivo americano "The Price Is
- [Minnesota](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/minnesota/): プラグマティックプレイのスロット仕組みをCasinoannaiが徹底解説 プラグマティックプレイ（Pragmatic Play）は、2015年に設立されたマルタ共和国を拠点とするゲームデベロッパーで、現在ではオンラインカジノ業界において最も多くのコンテンツを供給するスタジオの一つとして知られています。同社はスロットゲームを中心に、ライブカジノ、バーチャルスポーツ、ビンゴなど多岐にわたるプロダクトを展開していますが、特にスロット部門での存在感は際立っています。2023年時点で同社のポートフォリオには300タイトルを超えるスロットゲームが含まれており、毎月複数の新作をリリースし続けています。この記事では、プラグマティックプレイのスロットがどのような仕組みで動作しているのかを、技術的・構造的な観点から詳しく解説します。単にゲームを楽しむだけでなく、その内部構造を理解することで、プレイヤーはより合理的な判断を下せるようになります。 RNGとRTPの仕組み：ゲームの公平性を支える技術基盤 プラグマティックプレイのスロットゲームは、すべてRNG（Random Number Generator：乱数生成器）と呼ばれるアルゴリズムに基づいて動作しています。RNGとは、スピンのたびに膨大な数の中からランダムな数値を生成し、その数値に対応するリール上のシンボルを決定する仕組みです。重要なのは、各スピンは完全に独立したイベントであるという点です。前回のスピン結果が次のスピンに影響を与えることは一切なく、「熱い台」「冷えた台」といった概念は数学的には存在しません。 プラグマティックプレイはその公平性を証明するため、GLI（Gaming Laboratories International）やiBETTING、BMM Testlabsなどの第三者機関による定期的な認証を受けています。これらの機関はRNGの出力分布が統計的に均一であるかどうかを検証し、認証を付与します。MGA（マルタゲーミングオーソリティ）やUKGC（英国ギャンブル委員会）といった規制機関もこの認証プロセスを義務付けており、プラグマティックプレイはこれらすべての規制に準拠した形でゲームを提供しています。 RTPとはReturn to Player（プレイヤー還元率）の略で、長期的に見たときに賭け金の何パーセントがプレイヤーに還元されるかを示す理論値です。プラグマティックプレイのスロットにおけるRTPは、タイトルによって異なりますが、概ね94%から97%の範囲に収まっています。たとえば人気タイトル「Gates of Olympus」のRTPは96.50%、「Sweet Bonanza」は96.51%、「The Dog House」は96.51%と設定されています。ただしこのRTPはあくまで理論値であり、数百万回のスピンを集計した際に近似する数字であって、短期間のプレイセッションで必ずしもこの割合が実現するわけではありません。 また、プラグマティックプレイの一部タイトルでは、カジノ運営者がRTPを複数の設定値から選択できる構造になっています。たとえばあるゲームが94%・96%・97%という三段階のRTP設定を持っている場合、どの設定が適用されているかはカジノ側の裁量に委ねられています。プレイヤーがゲーム内のペイテーブルや情報画面でRTPを確認できる場合もありますが、すべてのカジノが透明性をもってこの情報を開示しているわけではありません。 ボラティリティとペイライン構造：ゲームデザインの多様性 プラグマティックプレイのスロットを理解する上で、ボラティリティ（分散）の概念は非常に重要です。ボラティリティとは、ゲームの当選頻度と当選金額の分布パターンを表す指標で、一般的に「低・中・高」の三段階で分類されます。同社のポートフォリオはこの三つのカテゴリにまたがる多様なタイトルを揃えており、プレイヤーの好みやリスク許容度に応じた選択が可能です。 高ボラティリティのタイトルとして代表的なのが「Gates of Olympus」です。このゲームは当選頻度は低めですが、一度大きな連鎖反応（カスケード）が発生した際の最大配当が賭け金の5,000倍に達することがあります。こうしたゲームはバンクロールの消耗が早い反面、一撃での大きなリターンを狙えます。一方で「Joker's Jewels」のような低ボラティリティタイトルは、当選頻度は高いものの、一回あたりの配当は小さい傾向があります。中ボラティリティタイトルは両者の中間的な性質を持ちます。 ペイライン（当選ライン）の構造についても、プラグマティックプレイは多様なアプローチを採用しています。従来型の固定ペイライン方式（例：20ライン、25ライン）に加え、243通り、1,024通り、さらには「クラスター払い」と呼ばれる方式も導入されています。クラスター払いは「Sweet Bonanza」や「Gates of Olympus」に採用されており、隣接するシンボルが一定数以上集まることで配当が発生する仕組みです。この方式ではペイライン自体が存在せず、リール上の位置関係だけが配当の条件となります。 さらに、プラグマティックプレイは「Megaways」ライセンスを取得し、BTG（Big Time Gaming）が開発したMegaways仕組みを使用したタイトルも複数リリースしています。Megawaysでは各リールのシンボル数がスピンのたびに変動し、最大で数万通りの当選パターンが生まれます。「Mustang Gold Megaways」や「John Hunter and the Book of Tut Megaways」などがその例です。このダイナミックなリール構造はゲームの不確実性をさらに高め、ボラティリティも必然的に高くなる傾向があります。 ボーナス機能とゲームメカニクスの詳細 プラグマティックプレイのスロットを他社製品と区別する大きな要素の一つが、ボーナス機能の多様性と複雑さです。同社のゲームには、フリースピン、マルチプライヤー、スティッキーワイルド、カスケード（タンブル）、リスク（ダブルアップ）ゲームなど、様々なメカニクスが組み合わされています。 フリースピン機能は多くのタイトルに共通して搭載されており、特定のスキャッターシンボルが一定数出現することでトリガーされます。フリースピン中はマルチプライヤーが積み上がる仕組みのゲームが多く、「Gates of Olympus」ではスピンのたびにランダムなマルチプライヤー（×2から×500）が付与され、それが累積していく特徴があります。この累積型マルチプライヤーが最大配当倍率に大きく貢献しており、理論上の最大配当が非常に高い数値になる要因となっています。 「Buy Feature（ボーナス購入機能）」も注目すべきメカニクスです。これは賭け金の一定倍数（通常は50倍から100倍）を支払うことで、フリースピンボーナスラウンドを即座に起動できる機能です。プラグマティックプレイは2019年頃からこの機能を多くのタイトルに実装し始めましたが、英国ではUKGCの規制により2021年以降この機能の提供が禁止されています。一方でマルタやキュラソーなどの規制管轄下では引き続き利用可能です。この規制の差異はプレイヤーがどの国・地域でプレイするかによって体験が異なることを意味します。 プラグマティックプレイのゲームに関する詳細な解析データや各タイトルの仕様については、https://www.casinoannai.com にも関連情報がまとめられており、日本語で確認できる数少ないリソースの一つとなっています。同社のゲームは日本語環境でも広く利用されており、日本のプレイヤーにとってもこうした情報源は参考になります。 「Tumble（カスケード）機能」はプラグマティックプレイの多くの人気タイトルで採用されているメカニクスで、当選シンボルが消えた後に上から新しいシンボルが落下し、連続的な当選チェーンが発生する可能性を生み出します。「Sweet Bonanza」や「Gates of Olympus」はこの機能の代表例であり、一回のスピンで複数回の連鎖配当が発生することがあります。この機能はRTPの計算においても重要な要素であり、連鎖の平均回数や各連鎖での期待値がゲームの全体的な数学モデルに組み込まれています。
- [Hawaii](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/hawaii/): Zašto Hrvatska zabranjuje klađenje reklame: Kladionicavodic istražuje regulatorni okvir Hrvatska je jedna od rijetkih europskih država koje su uvele sveobuhvatnu zabranu oglašavanja kladionica i sportskog klađenja, a taj regulatorni okvir nastao je kao odgovor na zabrinjavajući porast problema s kockanjem u populaciji, posebice među mladima. Zakonodavni put do trenutnog stanja bio je dug i obilježen
- [Indiana](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/indiana/): Wie Skrill-Zahlungen laut Casinosskrill deutsche Online-Casinos verändert haben Die Einführung digitaler Zahlungsmethoden hat den deutschen Online-Glücksspielmarkt in den vergangenen zwei Jahrzehnten grundlegend verändert. Während Banküberweisungen und Kreditkarten lange Zeit die dominierenden Instrumente waren, hat sich mit der Verbreitung von E-Wallets eine neue Dynamik entwickelt, die sowohl das Spielverhalten der Nutzer als auch die Geschäftsmodelle der
- [Texas](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/texas/): Varför väljer svenska spelare sajter utan licens enligt BettingWithoutLicense Den svenska spelmarknaden genomgick en genomgripande förändring den 1 januari 2019, när den nya spellagen (2018:1138) trädde i kraft och ersatte det gamla statliga monopolet med ett licenssystem öppet för privata aktörer. Tanken var att kanalisera svenska spelare till reglerade sajter med konsumentskydd, ansvarsfullt spelande och
- [California](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/california/): Varför Casino-without-license.com förklarar regleringen bakom olicensierade casinon i Sverige Sverige har under de senaste åren genomgått en av de mest genomgripande förändringarna inom spelbranschen i hela Europa. När den svenska spelmarknaden reglerades och öppnades upp i januari 2019 genom den nya spellagen (2018:1138) skapades ett ramverk som skulle balansera konsumentskydd med en kontrollerad marknad. Men
- [Florida](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/florida/): Huongdancuoc Giải Thích Cách Công Nghệ Streaming Thay Đổi Xem Bóng Đá Trực Tuyến Trong vòng chưa đầy một thập kỷ, cách hàng triệu người hâm mộ bóng đá tiếp cận các trận đấu đã thay đổi hoàn toàn. Từ chỗ phải ngồi trước màn hình tivi vào đúng giờ phát sóng, hoặc phụ thuộc
- [Tennessee](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/tennessee/): How Slot Volatility Shapes Player Experience According to Bestcasinoph Slot machine volatility — sometimes called variance — is one of the most consequential yet least understood mechanics in casino game design. While most players focus on return-to-player (RTP) percentages when evaluating a slot, volatility actually does more to determine the texture of a playing session:
- [Washington](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/washington/): How Noverificationbet Explains KYC-Free Betting in the UK The question of identity verification in online gambling has become one of the more technically complex and commercially significant issues in the UK betting market over the past decade. For most of that period, operators have been required under the Gambling Commission's licensing conditions to verify customer
- [Ohio](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/ohio/): How Bestbettingph Explains Football Betting Basics for Filipino Beginners Football betting in the Philippines has grown considerably over the past decade, driven by the sport's massive popularity and the expansion of licensed online gambling platforms following regulatory updates from PAGCOR (Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation). For many Filipinos, the jump from watching football to wagering
- [Pennsylvania](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-graduates/pennsylvania/): Cum Funcționează Aplicațiile de Pariuri Mobile, Explică Pariurireview Industria pariurilor sportive online a trecut printr-o transformare radicală în ultimul deceniu, iar aplicațiile mobile reprezintă astăzi nucleul acestei schimbări. Dacă în 2010 majoritatea pariurilor se plasau prin terminale fizice sau site-uri web accesate de pe desktop, până în 2023 peste 70% din volumul total de pariuri
- [Student Loan Basics](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/student-loan-basics/): These days it is almost impossible for most students to attend college without some kind of financial aid. Most students who apply for aid receive student loans. There are two main sources for such loans; Private loans and Federal loans. Private loans are issued by private banks and are based on the applicant's credit worthiness,
- [Workshop Course Descriptions](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop-course-descriptions/): Student Loan Basics Attendees learn the basics of student loans. Topics include: differences between Federal and Private loans, the different Federal repayment plans, administrative discharge of Federal loans, strategies to deal with default loans, defending Federal and Private student loan lawsuits, and more. Affirmative Student Loan Litigation Attorneys learn how to identify and bring actions
- [Navient Settlement 2022](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/navient-settlement-2022/): Pennsylvania v Navient The Settlement On January 13, 2022, a proposed settlement was filed with the court. At the time of the publishing of this page, the settlement has not yet been reviewed or approved by the court. That means the terms may change and more or less people could qualify. This page will be
- [Cases](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/cases/): There are many ways to assist borrowers, often without the need for litigation. However, there are those times when litigation is the only way to get things done. Please note that this is not a complete list of cases. Because student loans are debt, many people prefer not to advertise their problems to the public,
- [Workshop](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/workshop/): Every day I receive calls and e-mails from people wondering what they can do to deal with student loans. It could be a parent, it could be a concerned sibling, or it could be the borrower them self calling. It could even be a parent that co-signed for their child. From simple questions to abusive
- [About Josh](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/about/): I'm just like you - someone who went to college in search of a better financial future. But it wasn't what I learned in the classroom that changed my life. Here's How I Became THE Student Loan Lawyer As a college student at Brandeis University, I had no idea about the ugly side of student
- [Free Student Loan Review](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/freereview/): Are you ready to talk with me about your student loan problem? Want a free student loan review first? Our process is simple. 1) Click here to register and complete the form. It tells us about your student loan situation. 2) After you complete the form, I'll complete your student loan review. 3) I'll respond
- [Vermont](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/vermont/): Vermonters do not have to pay their federal student loans due to the weather events from July 9th. A State of Emergency was declared for Vermont. As a result, federal law mandates forbearance. The specific law is part of the Higher Education Act and the regulations, 34 CFR 682.211. While most federal loans are paused
- [Services I Provide](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/services/): My mission is to give a voice to those who are taken advantage of by student loan lenders, servicers, and debt collectors. Since 2008, I've been helping people with student loan debt live a better, happier and fuller life. I am also the founder of The Student Loan Law Workshop, where I teach attorneys how
- [Contact](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/contact/): Getting started on a solution to your student loan problems with a free review. Start here. Simply register, then complete the intake. We'll respond with a free review of your situation which includes a link to schedule a time to discuss the details for just $250. Want to speak with the office before sharing your
- [Media](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/media/): Education and Career News - What to Know About the Legal Side of Student Loans - December 2023 Scripps News Morning Rush - September 1, 2023 https://youtu.be/76-ZWHsRK38 Fox Business - August 26, 2014 LawTalk podcast with Joshua Cohen - August 16, 2014 The Wall Street Journal - September
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- [Student Loan Talk Videos](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/videos/): Welcome to our Podcast page. In an effort to appeal to the expansive methods people choose to educate themselves, we've expanded our Blog offerings in an audio format as podcasts. If you'd like to watch me present a topic, you can visit our YouTube page.
- [ITT Closure Information](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/itt/): Welcome to the ITT Closure information page. Notice how blank it is? That's because there's really not much information available at this stage. If you were not enrolled at ITT on or after May 6, 2016, your only hope for discharge of your Federal student loans is likely going to be DTR - Defense to
- [There are currently no graduates from this state.](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/there-are-currently-no-graduates-from-this-state/): Please contact Joshua Cohen for assistance.
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- [Default and Repayment](https://thestudentloanlawyer.com/default-and-repayment/): When it comes time to repay student loans, we all groan, but do what we can. The trouble in not repaying the loan is what occurs when the loan enters default status. The following information applies to federal student loans only. The collection of federal student loans is a unique kind of beast. Collection tactics
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